A small dog with a big dog character, Papillons are lively, affectionate little dogs with a need for attention and playtime. They thrive on being around their human as much as possible.
Personality and temperament
The happiest of small dogs, Papillons have a long history of being companion dogs. It’s in their genes and, as such, they can make great housemates for first-time dog owners. They show a huge amount of affection towards their humans (sometimes just staring at them with love) and are most content when they’re around company. Luckily, they fit in your bag and are the kind of pooch you can take anywhere – they aren’t phased by much. They love the excitement of kids and other animals, but due to their dominative stature they can get hurt easily if playing is too rough.
Size and appearance
Weighing up to 5kg and only reaching up to 28cm at the shoulder, this small breed is elegant and regal. Their agile body is covered in long, flowing hair that results in many compliments and pats (which they like). Their large fluffy ears are like a butterfly’s wings, hence their name which means butterfly in French, and their tail is heavily plumed. These little pooches will happily be on show wherever you go.
History
A favourite lap-warmer in the draughty royal courts of Europe, Papillons originated around the 16th and 17th century. A portrait of Louis XIV of France even immortalises his prized Papillon, and Marie Antoinette is thought to have loved a Papillon in the opulence of her palace rooms. At the time, the breed more commonly had drooping ears, but in the 19th century breeders selectively bred the ears to stand erect as we know (and love) them today. The first Papillons arrived on our shores in the mid-20th century and have since become a favourite for small breed lovers in Australia and New Zealand.
Health conditions that can affect this breed
Papillon are usually pretty healthy little guys, however they can be prone to some common conditions, including:
- Patellar luxation (dislocating kneecap)
- Dental disease
- Collapsed trachea (leads to coughing or breathing issues)
- Inherited eye diseases, including progressive vision loss
- Open fontanelle (a soft spot on the skull in some puppies)
- Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar in young or tiny Papillons)
Regular vet check-ups and care can help manage these conditions and keep your Papillon healthy.
Food and exercise
Being small and lively, Papillons tend to have a fast metabolism. A nutrient-dense diet designed for small breeds will keep them happy and healthy. As they can get easily distracted, serve their meals in a calm place where they won’t be disturbed.
Papillons are one of the few small breeds that need a lot of exercise; around 45-60 minutes of daily activity, including exercise, playtime and training will do. Due to their size, avoid high-impact exercise and rough play with kids of dogs larger than them.
Grooming and maintenance
These little guys shed lightly year round with a slightly heavier shed in spring.
- Bathe: every 4-6 weeks
- Professional groom: not essential, but regular ‘tidy-ups’ can help
How to groom your Papillon
- Fur: Brunch twice weekly to prevent tangles in ears, on chest and tail
- Nails: trim every 3-4 weeks
- Ears: check weekly for wax and debris build up in their long ear ‘fringe’
- Eyes: wipe gently with a damp cloth if needed
Training and space requirements
Papillons are fast learners and are one of the smartest dog breeds around. They tend to be excellent at training and love short sessions with positive reinforcement. Early socialisation as a puppy can help a Papillon be confident and well mannered.
This friendly breed can live with other animals in smaller spacers, as long as their mental and physical needs are met. They thrive on human contact and will be happiest around their human family. Papillons don’t handle long periods alone well.
Best suited for…
Papillons make affectionate (good-looking) housemates for anyone wanting a friendly companion dog that’ll fit in a bag. This small breed can be a great option for first-time pooch owners, seniors and households where they aren’t left alone for too long.
